The Association of Ophthalmologists of Thailand was established in 1978 and became the Royal College of Ophthalmologists of Thailand (RCOPT) under the royal patronage of His Majesty King Bhumibol Adulyadej on June 12, 1995.

The executive committee of the RCOPT consists of the President and 23 council members. The current President is Prof. Wanicha Chuenkongkaew. There are 1,660 active members. The college convenes two congresses annually. The Thai Journal of Ophthalmology is its official journal.

The college is responsible for the ophthalmology resident curriculum and conducts Thai Board of Ophthalmology examinations. It organizes networking opportunities for ophthalmologists and funds for academic and research activities. The college works closely with the Thai Medical Council in maintaining ethical standards for Thai ophthalmologists. The prevention of blindness and promotion of eye care and knowledge are other vital efforts in collaboration with both government and non-governmental organizations.